Phishing is a cyber attack where attackers trick people into revealing sensitive information, like passwords, credit card numbers, or personal data, by pretending to be a trustworthy source. These attacks often happen through emails, text messages, social media, or fake websites.
Types of Phishing Attacks
- Email Phishing
The most common form. Attackers send fake emails that look like they’re from banks, popular services (like Netflix), or government agencies. These emails usually contain a link that leads to a fake website asking for login or payment information. - Spear Phishing
This is a targeted form of phishing. Instead of blasting thousands of people, the attacker focuses on a specific individual or organization using personalized info to make the scam more convincing. - Smishing (SMS Phishing)
In this type, attackers use text messages to trick people into clicking on malicious links or downloading harmful apps. - Vishing (Voice Phishing)
Attackers call pretending to be from a bank, tech support, or even law enforcement, trying to scare victims into giving up sensitive info. - Clone Phishing
A legitimate email is copied and slightly modified with a malicious link or attachment, then resent from a fake address that looks real. - Business Email Compromise (BEC)
A highly targeted scam where attackers impersonate a CEO or senior executive to trick employees into transferring money or revealing sensitive data.
Real-Life Phishing Examples
- Google & Facebook Scam (2013-2015):
A Lithuanian man tricked both companies into sending him over $100 million by impersonating a computer hardware vendor using fake invoices and email addresses. - COVID-19 Scams:
During the pandemic, many phishing emails pretended to be from the WHO or CDC, offering fake health updates or vaccine appointments.
How to Prevent Phishing Attacks
- Check the Email Address & URLs:
Always inspect who the message is from and where the link goes. Legit companies won’t ask for sensitive info via email. - Use Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA):
Even if someone gets your password, they can’t access your account without a second verification step. - Install Antivirus & Anti-Phishing Tools:
Security software can detect and block many phishing attempts. - Don’t Click Suspicious Links or Attachments:
If you weren’t expecting an email or message—even from someone you know—verify before clicking anything. - Educate Yourself & Others:
Awareness is one of the best defenses. Know what phishing attempts look like and help your friends, family, or coworkers stay alert.
Conclusion
Phishing attacks are becoming more advanced and more complex to detect. By understanding the different types, recognizing red flags, and following basic security practices, you can protect yourself and your data from falling into the wrong hands.
